Radar astrometry for small bodies
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Radar astrometry for small bodies

Radar astrometry refers to measurements of an object’s position and and velocity normally made in a portion of the microwave frequency spectrum between 0.4 and 13.9 GHz. A radar “delay” measurement is the elapsed time for a signal to travel from transmitter to receiver after reflecting off the target. “Doppler” is the frequency-change measured between receiver and transmitter after reflecting off the object, and is related to the net up and down-leg relative velocity of the object. Inclusion of radar astrometry adds out-of-plane information orthogonal to optical RA/DEC plane-of-sky astrometry. It has high fractional precision, on the order of 10-9, measuring objects at the few-meter and millimeters per second level.

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2

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D. FarnocchiaO. R. HainautD. Z. SeligmanR. WerykL. A. M. Benner15
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The activity of comets when they approach the Sun usually manifests visibly with the appearance of a dust and gas coma, and in turn non-gravitational accelerations perturbing their motion. However, there exist objects that are morphologically inactive and yet exhibit non-gravitational accelerations....
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The leading source of uncertainty to predict the orbital motion of asteroid (99942) Apophis is a non-gravitational acceleration arising from the anisotropic thermal re-emission of absorbed radiation, known as the Yarkovsky effect. Previous attempts to obtain this parameter from astrometry for this o...
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