Radar astrometry for small bodies
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Radar astrometry refers to measurements of an object’s position and and velocity normally made in a portion of the microwave frequency spectrum between 0.4 and 13.9 GHz. A radar “delay” measurement is the elapsed time for a signal to travel from transmitter to receiver after reflecting off the target. “Doppler” is the frequency-change measured between receiver and transmitter after reflecting off the object, and is related to the net up and down-leg relative velocity of the object. Inclusion of radar astrometry adds out-of-plane information orthogonal to optical RA/DEC plane-of-sky astrometry. It has high fractional precision, on the order of 10-9, measuring objects at the few-meter and millimeters per second level.
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