U.S. Census Data Tables & Mapping Files
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U.S. Census Data Tables & Mapping Files

The IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS) is a free data resource providing U.S. census summary tables, time series, and GIS-compatible mapping files integrated across time and geography. It contains population, housing, agriculture, and economic data from 1790 to the present for geographic levels ranging from states and counties to tracts and blocks. NHGIS also includes related spatial products such as geographic crosswalks and standardized boundary files to support consistent analysis over time. The dataset is designed for historical, demographic, social, and spatial research, enabling users to map data, track change, and compare communities across different periods and geographic units.

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相关论文

11

Social inequalities in climate change-attributed impacts of Hurricane Harvey

Smiley Kevin T.Noy IlanWehner Michael F.Frame DaveSampson Christopher C.6
Nature Communications
2022
2022/8/25
Vol.13 No.1 p.1-10
Climate change is already increasing the severity of extreme weather events such as with rainfall during hurricanes. But little research to date investigates if, and to what extent, there are social inequalities in climate change-attributed extreme weather event impacts. Here, we use climate change ...
AttributionClimate-change impactsGeographySocioeconomic scenariosSociology
10.1038/S41467-022-31056-2
ISSN:2041-1723

Measuring flood underinsurance in the USA

Natee AmornsiripanitchSiddhartha BiswasJohn Orellana-LiDavid Zink
Nature Climate Change
2025
2025/8/15
00 p.1-7
Flood insurance could mitigate the negative shock from climate-induced disasters, yet many households are still not covered. Here, using data on expected flood damage and National Flood Insurance Program policies, we provide estimates of annual flood risk protection gaps and underinsurance among sin...
Climate-change mitigationEconomics
10.1038/S41558-025-02396-W
ISSN:1758-678X

Spatiotemporal prediction of COVID-19 cases using inter- and intra-county proxies of human interactions

Vahedi BehzadKarimzadeh MortezaZoraghein Hamidreza
Nature Communications
2021
2021/11/8
Vol.12 No.1 p.1-15
Measurements of human interaction through proxies such as social connectedness or movement patterns have proved useful for predictive modeling of COVID-19, which is a challenging task, especially at high spatial resolutions. In this study, we develop a Spatiotemporal autoregressive model to predict ...
Computer scienceGeography
10.1038/S41467-021-26742-6
ISSN:2041-1723

Explaining changes in US residential segregation through patterns of population change

Benjamin Elbers
Nature Cities
2024
2024/2/9
00 p.1-11
While overall residential segregation in US cities has declined in the past 30 years—especially between the Black and white populations—relatively little is known about the patterns of population change that caused these changes. Here I investigate changes in racial residential segregation in US cit...
GeographySociology
10.1038/S44284-024-00032-W
ISSN:2731-9997

Neighbourhood design and the environmental and social costs of suburbanization

Arianna Salazar-Miranda
Nature Sustainability
2026
2026/6/17
00 p.1-11
Are the social and environmental costs of suburbanization a consequence of where suburbs are located or of how they are designed? This paper disentangles the two by examining the role of garden city design (GCD), the dominant suburban planning paradigm for US suburbs in the twentieth century, charac...
GeographySocietySustainability
10.1038/S41893-026-01842-7
ISSN:2398-9629

Electricity inaccessibility across historically redlined and present-day disadvantaged areas in New York City

Alexander J. NorthropVivian DoPerry E. SheffieldDiana HernándezJane Clougherty6
Journal Of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
2025
2025/4/22
00 p.1-11
Electricity is crucial in sustaining livelihoods from turning the lights on at night, keeping the refrigerator running to avoid food spoilage, and powering electricity-dependent durable medical equipment such as nebulizers. Thus, electricity inaccessibility may result in adverse outcomes. Like other...
Medicine/Public Health, generalEpidemiology
10.1038/S41370-025-00767-1
ISSN:1559-0631

Linking smart cities and SDGs through descriptive analysis of US municipalities

Meng CaiTravis DecaminadaYingjie LiNoah J. DurstEva Kassens-Noor6
Nature Cities
2025
2025/1/17
00 p.1-5
Transforming cities and communities into ‘smart cities’ holds great potential to advance sustainable development goals (SDGs), but where smart initiatives are taking place, and how they link to local SDGs and performance remain unknown. Here we analyze the official websites of US municipalities and ...
Development studiesGeographyScience, technology and societySocial policy
10.1038/S44284-024-00192-9
ISSN:2731-9997

More extremely hot days, more heat exposure and fewer cooling options for people of color in Connecticut, U.S.

Shijuan ChenKatie LundColleen Murphy-DunningKaren C. Seto
Npj Urban Sustainability
2024
2024/11/3
Vol.4 No.1 p.1-11
It is well-documented that people of color in the U.S. are disproportionately exposed to extreme urban heat. However, most studies have focused on large cities for one point in time, and less is known about how heat exposure changes over time in smaller cities. Here, we present a study of the changi...
Climate changeEnvironmental impact
10.1038/S42949-024-00186-5
ISSN:2661-8001

Sociodemographic characteristics of populations living near industrial land disposals of known and suspected carcinogens across the United States

Elizabeth SharpCaroline N. PruittJared A. FisherAbigail R. FloryBarry I. Graubard8
Journal Of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
2026
2026/4/23
00 p.1-9
Industrial facilities dispose of millions of pounds of chemical waste in U.S.-based landfills, surface impoundments, and underground injection wells annually, but information on populations living in proximity to these releases is limited. We quantified on-site land disposals of known and suspected ...
Medicine/Public Health, generalEpidemiology
10.1038/S41370-026-00873-8
ISSN:1559-0631

Air pollution impacts from warehousing in the United States uncovered with satellite data

Gaige Hunter KerrMichelle MeyerDaniel L. GoldbergJoshua MillerSusan C. Anenberg
Nature Communications
2024
2024/7/24
Vol.15 No.1 p.1-9
Regulators, environmental advocates, and community groups in the United States (U.S.) are concerned about air pollution associated with the proliferating e-commerce and warehousing industries. Nationwide datasets of warehouse locations, traffic, and satellite observations of the traffic-related poll...
Atmospheric chemistryEnvironmental impactGeography
10.1038/S41467-024-50000-0
ISSN:2041-1723

Scaling and network evolution of technology transfer in US cities

Qixiang LiDebin DuYingjie Yu
Nature Cities
2025
2025/3/7
00 p.1-11
Cities function as complex systems, and the superlinear scaling laws of patents and incomes are well documented. Technology transfer is a bridge between knowledge and economic progress. Despite its importance, the urban scaling laws of technology transfer remain poorly understood, with limited explo...
Complex networksGeography
10.1038/S44284-025-00209-X
ISSN:2731-9997