The dataset, with accession PRJNA1297747, focuses on understanding the molecular code governing birth order and neuronal identity in Drosophila. It contains raw sequence reads from 24 SRA experiments and one GEO dataset, totaling 436 Gbases and 63.55 supplementary megabytes. The project, funded by the Wellcome Trust, UK Research and Innovation, the National Science Foundation, and the European Research Council, aims to investigate how diverse neural types achieve precise molecular identity and connectivity during neural circuit assembly.