The dataset is the World Bank World Development Indicators series “Population, total,” providing annual estimates of the total number of people living in each country, economy, and selected regional or income aggregates, reported in thousands, with coverage from 1960 through the most recent year (e.g., 2023). It contains time-series values for entities ranging from individual countries to the world total and development groupings, enabling comparison of population levels across places and over time. Estimates are compiled from the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects (2022 Revision) and supplemented by national statistical offices, Eurostat demographic statistics, and UN Statistics Division population and vital statistics publications, supporting demographic analysis and development planning.