CRU TS dataset
English
United Kingdom, Sudbury
Climatic Research Unit
数据描述
The Climatic Research Unit dataset collection centers on CRU TS v4.08, a high-resolution gridded monthly time-series climate dataset covering global land areas excluding Antarctica from 1901 to 2023 at 0.5° resolution. It contains variables for precipitation, mean, maximum and minimum temperature, diurnal temperature range, vapor pressure, cloud cover, wet-day frequency, frost frequency, and potential evapotranspiration. Derived products include CRU CY, which provides country-level means from the same variables and period, and CRU CL, a 1961–1990 monthly climatology used in constructing the time series. These datasets support climate monitoring, historical climate analysis, spatial interpolation, and country-scale and gridded environmental research.
crudata.uea.ac.uk
IP: 139.222.133.100
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Near-term projection of Amazon rainfall dominated by phase transition of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
Yi Liu•Wenju Cai•Yu Zhang•Xiaopei Lin•Ziguang Li
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2024
•2024/2/26
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1-8
The Amazon basin experienced a prolonged drought condition during the 2010s, leading to a large-scale forest degradation destructive to ecosystems and human society. Elusive are issues as to whether the decadal drought is driven by external forcing or internal variability, and whether the drought wi...
HydrologyProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41612-024-00587-4
ISSN:2397-3722
Nutrient management modulates acidification-induced risks to yield and cadmium contents in paddy rice
Donghao Xu•Gerard H. Ros•Pengqi Liu•Qichao Zhu•Fusuo Zhang等 6 人
Nature Food
2026
•2026/3/12
•Vol.7 No.3 p.272-282
Cropland acidification in China has decreased crop yields and accelerated cadmium accumulation in edible crops. Enhancing manure recycling effectively mitigates soil acidification but increases the risks for cadmium accumulation due to elevated cadmium contents in manure. Here we coupled a dynamic c...
Environmental impactPollution remediation
10.1038/S43016-026-01315-2
ISSN:2662-1355
Winter precipitation predictability in Central Southwest Asia and its representation in seasonal forecast systems
Matthew F. Horan•Fred Kucharski•Nathaniel Johnson•Moetasim Ashfaq
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2024
•2024/3/26
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1-13
In Central Southwest Asia (CSWA; 22°N to 40°N and 30°E to 70°E), winter (November to February) precipitation contributes up to 70% of the annual mean, but substantial interannual variations exist. Dynamical models exhibit subpar predictability in this region, but the limits of their skills are not w...
Atmospheric dynamicsClimate and Earth system modelling
10.1038/S41612-024-00594-5
ISSN:2397-3722
Exacerbated drought impacts on global ecosystems due to structural overshoot
Zhang Yao•Keenan Trevor F.•Zhou Sha
Nature Ecology & Evolution
2021
•2021/9/30
•00 p.1-9
Vegetation dynamics are affected not only by the concurrent climate but also by memory-induced lagged responses. For example, favourable climate in the past could stimulate vegetation growth to surpass the ecosystem carrying capacity, leaving an ecosystem vulnerable to climate stresses. This phenome...
Climate-change ecologyClimate-change impactsEcosystem ecologyPlant ecology
10.1038/S41559-021-01551-8
ISSN:2397-334X
Green and blue water response to drought modulated by background climate and vegetation
Jing Xiao•Fubao Sun•Tingting Wang•Wang Hong
Communications Earth & Environment
2025
•2025/6/20
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-9
Drought affects the health of natural and socio-ecological systems by altering green water evapotranspiration and blue water runoff. However, the global patterns of green and blue water responses to drought remain unclear. Here we quantified drought using root-zone soil moisture reductions and exami...
Hydrology
10.1038/S43247-025-02476-X
ISSN:2662-4435
Regional and seasonal partitioning of water and temperature controls on global land carbon uptake variability
Wang Kai•Bastos Ana•Ciais Philippe•Wang Xuhui•Rödenbeck Christian等 13 人
Nature Communications
2022
•2022/6/16
•Vol.13 No.1 p.1-11
Global fluctuations in annual land carbon uptake (NEEIAV) depend on water and temperature variability, yet debate remains about local and seasonal controls of the global dependences. Here, we quantify regional and seasonal contributions to the correlations of globally-averaged NEEIAV against terrest...
Carbon cycle
10.1038/S41467-022-31175-W
ISSN:2041-1723
Unraveling the complex impact of climate change on air quality in the world
Yuqin Lai•Mengmeng Lu•Guolong Chen•Bo Fu•Zhongfeng Xu等 10 人
Npj Clean Air
2025
•2025/9/16
•Vol.1 No.1 p.1-10
By systematically reviewing over 10,000 publications using a large-language-model-based framework, we provide a large-scale quantitative assessment of the global research landscape on climate change’s impact on air quality. Particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O3) are the most frequently studied pollu...
Climate sciencesEnvironmental sciences
10.1038/S44407-025-00027-4
ISSN:3059-2240
Increasing tropical cyclone intensity in the western North Pacific partly driven by warming Tibetan Plateau
Jing Xu•Ping Zhao•Johnny C. L. Chan•Mingyuan Shi•Chi Yang等 14 人
Nature Communications
2024
•2024/1/5
•Vol.15 No.1 p.1-12
The increase in intense tropical cyclone (TC) activity across the western North Pacific (WNP) has often been attributed to a warming ocean. However, it is essential to recognize that the tropical WNP region already boasts high temperatures, and a marginal increase in oceanic warmth due to global war...
Atmospheric dynamicsClimate and Earth system modellingCryospheric sciencePhysical oceanographyProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41467-023-44403-8
ISSN:2041-1723
Global mapping of crop-specific emission factors highlights hotspots of nitrous oxide mitigation
Cui Xiaoqing•Zhou Feng•Ciais Philippe•Davidson Eric A.•Tubiello Francesco N.等 19 人
Nature Food
2021
•2021/10/21
•00 p.1-8
Mitigating soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions is essential for staying below a 2 °C warming threshold. However, accurate assessments of mitigation potential are limited by uncertainty and variability in direct emission factors (EFs). To assess where and why EFs differ, we created high-resolution map...
Climate-change mitigationElement cycles
10.1038/S43016-021-00384-9
ISSN:2662-1355
Precipitation thresholds regulate net carbon exchange at the continental scale
Zhihua Liu•Ashley P. Ballantyne•Benjamin Poulter•William R. L. Anderegg•Wei Li等 7 人
Nature Communications
2018
•2018/9/5
•Vol.9 No.1 p.1-10
Understanding the sensitivity of ecosystem production and respiration to climate change is critical for predicting terrestrial carbon dynamics. Here we show that the primary control on the inter-annual variability of net ecosystem carbon exchange switches from production to respiration at a precipit...
Carbon cycleClimate change
10.1038/S41467-018-05948-1
ISSN:2041-1723
Subpolar North Atlantic decadal cooling may have aggravated recent Eastern Siberian wildfires
Yuhao Zeng•Jun Wang•Shangfeng Chen•Cheng Sun•Chaoyang Wu等 7 人
Nature Communications
2025
•2025/12/24
0Recent wildfire outbreaks in Eastern Siberia herald far-reaching impacts on air quality and carbon balance. While anthropogenic warming is identified as the primary driver of increased wildfire risk, the role of internal climate variability remains unclear. Here, we perform an attribution analysis t...
Atmospheric dynamicsAttributionNatural hazards
10.1038/S41467-025-66520-2
ISSN:2041-1723
Enhanced peak growth of global vegetation and its key mechanisms
Kun Huang•Jianyang Xia•Yingping Wang•Anders Ahlström•Jiquan Chen等 21 人
Nature Ecology & Evolution
2018
•2018/11/12
•Vol.2 No.12 p.1897-1905
The annual peak growth of vegetation is critical in characterizing the capacity of terrestrial ecosystem productivity and shaping the seasonality of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The recent greening of global lands suggests an increasing trend of terrestrial vegetation growth, but whether or not t...
Climate-change ecologyEcosystem ecology
10.1038/S41559-018-0714-0
ISSN:2397-334X
Respiratory loss during late-growing season determines the net carbon dioxide sink in northern permafrost regions
Liu Zhihua•Kimball John S.•Ballantyne Ashley P.•Parazoo Nicholas C.•Wang Wen J.等 17 人
Nature Communications
2022
•2022/9/26
•Vol.13 No.1 p.1-13
Warming of northern high latitude regions (NHL, > 50 °N) has increased both photosynthesis and respiration which results in considerable uncertainty regarding the net carbon dioxide (CO2) balance of NHL ecosystems. Using estimates constrained from atmospheric observations from 1980 to 2017, we fi...
Carbon cycleClimate sciences
10.1038/S41467-022-33293-X
ISSN:2041-1723
Constraint on regional land surface air temperature projections in CMIP6 multi-model ensemble
Jie Zhang•Tongwen Wu•Laurent Li•Kalli Furtado•Xiaoge Xin等 9 人
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2023
•2023/7/10
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-9
The reliability of the near-land-surface air temperature (LSAT) projections from the state-of-the-art climate-system models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase six (CMIP6) is debatable, particularly on regional scales. Here we introduce a method of constructing a con...
Climate and Earth system modellingProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41612-023-00410-6
ISSN:2397-3722
South Asian black carbon is threatening the water sustainability of the Asian Water Tower
Yang Junhua•Kang Shichang•Chen Deliang•Zhao Lin•Ji Zhenming等 13 人
Nature Communications
2022
•2022/11/30
•Vol.13 No.1 p.1-11
Long-range transport of black carbon from South Asia to the Tibetan plateau and its deposition on glaciers directly enhances glacier melt. Here we find South Asian black carbon also has an indirect effect on the plateau’s glaciers shrinkage by acting to reduce the water supply over the southern Tibe...
Cryospheric scienceEnvironmental impact
10.1038/S41467-022-35128-1
ISSN:2041-1723
Seasonal to decadal variations of precipitation oxygen isotopes in northern China linked to the moisture source
Fangyuan Lin•Qiong Zhang•Ashish Sinha•Zhenqian Wang•Josefine Axelsson等 8 人
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2024
•2024/1/10
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1-9
A precise characterization of moisture source and transport dynamics over the inland margins of monsoonal China is crucial for understanding the climatic significance of precipitation oxygen isotope (δ18Op) variability preserved in the regional proxy archives. Here, we use a general circulation mode...
Climate and Earth system modellingPalaeoclimate
10.1038/S41612-024-00564-X
ISSN:2397-3722
Rising atmospheric CO2 reduces nitrogen availability in boreal forests
Kelley R. Bassett•Stefan F. Hupperts•Sandra Jämtgård•Lars Östlund•Jonas Fridman等 7 人
Nature
2026
•2026/2/18
•Vol.650 No.8102 p.629-635
Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) pollution is a cause of eutrophication globally1. However, recent datasets indicate that some ecosystems may be experiencing widespread oligotrophication—declining N availability—which is suggested to be a response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2)2. Plant N iso...
Element cyclesGeochemistry
10.1038/S41586-025-10039-5
ISSN:0028-0836
Learning about climate change uncertainty enables flexible water infrastructure planning
Sarah Fletcher•Megan Lickley•Kenneth Strzepek
Nature Communications
2019
•2019/4/16
•Vol.10 No.1 p.1-11
Water resources planning requires decision-making about infrastructure development under uncertainty in future regional climate conditions. However, uncertainty in climate change projections will evolve over the 100-year lifetime of a dam as new climate observations become available. Flexible strate...
Climate sciencesWater resources
10.1038/S41467-019-09677-X
ISSN:2041-1723
Unlocking global rainwater harvesting potential for safe drinking water access
Qingke Yuan•Yanfeng Liu•Yukang Qie•Chengzhi Hu•Ying Meng等 6 人
Nature Communications
2025
•2025/12/12
0Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6.1 aims for universal access to safely managed drinking water (SMDW) by 2030, yet progress remains off-track with 2.2 billion people lacking these services. Our comprehensive global analysis revealed a striking paradox: 88.5% of those without SMDW resided in regio...
SustainabilityWater resources
10.1038/S41467-025-66429-W
ISSN:2041-1723
Minimal impact of recent decline in C4 vegetation abundance on atmospheric carbon isotopic composition
Aliénor Lavergne•Sandy P. Harrison•Kamolphat Atsawawaranunt•Ning Dong•Iain Colin Prentice
Communications Earth & Environment
2026
•2026/1/10
•Vol.7 No.1 p.930
Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, climate, and land management influence the abundance and distribution of C3 and C4 plants, yet their impact on the global carbon cycle remains uncertain. Here, we use a parsimonious model of C3 and C4 plant distribution, based on optimality princ...
BiogeographyClimate-change ecologyEcological modellingStable isotope analysis
10.1038/S43247-025-03102-6
ISSN:2662-4435
Local surface cooling from afforestation amplified by lower aerosol pollution
Jun Ge•Xin Huang•Beilei Zan•Bo Qiu•Yipeng Cao等 6 人
Nature Geoscience
2023
•2023/8/24
•00 p.1-8
Afforestation can play a key role in local climate mitigation by influencing local temperature through changes in land surface properties. Afforestation impacts depend strongly on the background climate, with contrasting effects observed across geographical locations, seasons and levels of greenhous...
Atmospheric chemistryClimate changeClimate-change mitigationEnvironmental impact
10.1038/S41561-023-01251-X
ISSN:1752-0894
Drought propagation as a nonlinear amplifier of ecohydrological damage
Zhuoran Qu•Xiaoyan Li•Josep Peñuelas•Deliang Chen•Chiyuan Miao等 8 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2026
•2026/2/27
•Vol.7 No.1 p.3190
Meteorological drought can propagate to soil and ecological droughts, triggering cascading disruptions in ecosystem functioning. However, whether the ecohydrological damage—the sum of standardized vegetation greenness and soil moisture losses—is disproportionately amplified through drought propagati...
HydrologyMacroecology
10.1038/S43247-026-03330-4
ISSN:2662-4435
Net loss of biomass predicted for tropical biomes in a changing climate
Uribe Maria del Rosario•Coe Michael T.•Castanho Andrea D. A.•Macedo Marcia N.•Valle Denis等 6 人
Nature Climate Change
2023
•2023/2/6
•Vol.13 No.3 p.274-281
Tropical ecosystems store over half of the world’s aboveground live carbon as biomass, and water availability plays a key role in its distribution. Although precipitation and temperature are shifting across the tropics, their effect on biomass and carbon storage remains uncertain. Here we use empiri...
Climate-change ecologyEcosystem ecologyTropical ecology
10.1038/S41558-023-01600-Z
ISSN:1758-678X
Tropical deforestation causes large reductions in observed precipitation
Smith C.•Baker J. C. A.•Spracklen D. V.
Nature
2023
•2023/3/1
•Vol.615 No.7951 p.270-275
Tropical forests play a critical role in the hydrological cycle and can influence local and regional precipitation1. Previous work has assessed the impacts of tropical deforestation on precipitation, but these efforts have been largely limited to case studies2. A wider analysis of interactions betwe...
Climate changeTropical ecology
10.1038/S41586-022-05690-1
ISSN:0028-0836
A constraint on historic growth in global photosynthesis due to rising CO2
T. F. Keenan•X. Luo•B. D. Stocker•M. G. De Kauwe•B. E. Medlyn等 11 人
Nature Climate Change
2023
•2023/11/27
•Vol.13 No.12 p.1376-1381
Theory predicts that rising CO2 increases global photosynthesis, a process known as CO2 fertilization, and that this is responsible for much of the current terrestrial carbon sink. The estimated magnitude of the historic CO2 fertilization, however, differs by an order of magnitude between long-term ...
BiogeochemistryClimate-change ecologyEcosystem ecology
10.1038/S41558-023-01867-2
ISSN:1758-678X
Relative contributions of internal variability and external forcing to the inter-decadal transition of climate patterns in East Asia
Huang Fang•Xu Zhongfeng•Guo Weidong•Feng Jinming•Chen Liang等 7 人
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2023
•2023/3/23
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-9
The annual precipitation in North China and South China shows a dipole pattern with a clear inter-decadal transition around the late 1970s. However, the relative contribution of internal variability and external forcing to this inter-decadal transition is still unclear. Here, we separate internal va...
AttributionClimate and Earth system modelling
10.1038/S41612-023-00351-0
ISSN:2397-3722
Regional asymmetry in the response of global vegetation growth to springtime compound climate events
Li Jun•Bevacqua Emanuele•Chen Chi•Wang Zhaoli•Chen Xiaohong等 10 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2022
•2022/5/30
•Vol.3 No.1 p.1-9
Compound climate events can strongly impact vegetation productivity, yet the direct and lagged vegetation productivity responses to seasonal compound warm-dry and cold-dry events remain unclear. Here we use observationally-constrained and process-based model data and analyze vegetation productivity ...
EcologyHydrology
10.1038/S43247-022-00455-0
ISSN:2662-4435
Interannual oxygen isotope variability in Indian summer monsoon precipitation reflects changes in moisture sources
Gayatri Kathayat•Ashish Sinha•Masahiro Tanoue•Kei Yoshimura•Hanying Li等 7 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2021
•2021/5/20
•Vol.2 No.1 p.1-10
The primary influences on the spatio-temporal variability of oxygen isotope compositions in precipitation over the Indian summer monsoon domain are inadequately constrained by the limited observational record. Consequently, the climatic significance of isotopic signatures of precipitation preserved ...
Atmospheric dynamicsClimate and Earth system modellingPalaeoclimate
10.1038/S43247-021-00165-Z
ISSN:2662-4435
Accelerating flash droughts induced by the joint influence of soil moisture depletion and atmospheric aridity
Qing Yamin•Wang Shuo•Ancell Brian C.•Yang Zong-Liang
Nature Communications
2022
•2022/3/3
•Vol.13 No.1 p.1-10
The emergence of flash drought has attracted widespread attention due to its rapid onset. However, little is known about the recent evolution of flash droughts in terms of the speed of onset and the causes of such a rapid onset phase of flash droughts. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of ...
Climate sciencesHydrologyNatural hazards
10.1038/S41467-022-28752-4
ISSN:2041-1723
Quantifying the human cost of global warming
Timothy M. Lenton•Chi Xu•Jesse F. Abrams•Ashish Ghadiali•Sina Loriani等 11 人
Nature Sustainability
2023
•2023/5/22
•00 p.1-11
The costs of climate change are often estimated in monetary terms, but this raises ethical issues. Here we express them in terms of numbers of people left outside the ‘human climate niche’—defined as the historically highly conserved distribution of relative human population density with respect to ...
Climate-change ecologyClimate-change impactsSustainability
10.1038/S41893-023-01132-6
ISSN:2398-9629
Energy production and water savings from floating solar photovoltaics on global reservoirs
Jin Yubin•Hu Shijie•Ziegler Alan D.•Gibson Luke•Campbell J. Elliott等 12 人
Nature Sustainability
2023
•2023/3/13
•00 p.1-10
Growing global energy use and the adoption of sustainability goals to limit carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning are increasing the demand for clean energy, including solar. Floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems on reservoirs are advantageous over traditional ground-mounted solar systems in terms...
HydrologySolar energyWater resources
10.1038/S41893-023-01089-6
ISSN:2398-9629
Global increase in the optimal temperature for the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems
Zhongxiang Fang•Wenmin Zhang•Lanhui Wang•Guy Schurgers•Philippe Ciais等 11 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2024
•2024/8/28
•Vol.5 No.1 p.1-9
Vegetation growth may adapt to climate warming by adjusting the relationship between photosynthetic capacity and temperature. However, changes in the optimal temperature for ecosystem productivity during recent decades of warming remain uncertain. Here we provide empirical evidence that global optim...
Ecosystem ecologyProjection and prediction
10.1038/S43247-024-01636-9
ISSN:2662-4435
Accelerated soil drying linked to increasing evaporative demand in wet regions
Yamin Qing•Shuo Wang•Zong-Liang Yang•Pierre Gentine•Boen Zhang等 6 人
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2023
•2023/12/8
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-10
The rapid decline in soil water affects water resources, plant physiology, and agricultural development. However, the changes in soil drying rate and associated climatic mechanisms behind such changes remain poorly understood. Here, we find that wet regions have witnessed a significant increasing tr...
Climate sciencesHydrology
10.1038/S41612-023-00531-Y
ISSN:2397-3722
Energetic processes underlying the interannual variability of South Asian summer monsoon
Tong Lu•Kaiming Hu•Gang Huang•Sang-Wook Yeh•Ya Wang
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2025
•2025/8/13
•Vol.8 No.1 p.1-12
The South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) interannual variability significantly impacts regional climates, with its first mode featuring a lower-level anomalous anticyclone over the northern Bay of Bengal (BOB) and the second mode displaying an anomalous anticyclone over central-northern India. Here, we...
Atmospheric dynamicsAtmospheric scienceClimate sciences
10.1038/S41612-025-01143-4
ISSN:2397-3722
Pacific and Atlantic teleconnections reduce uncertainty in multidecadal projections of the South American Summer Monsoon
Zhiqiang Lyu•Feng Shi•Yuanyuan Yang•Aiguo Dai•Kevin Tyle等 9 人
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2026
•2026/3/20
0Reliable projections of the South American Summer Monsoon (SASM) are critical for managing regional hydroclimatic risks, yet remain highly uncertain due to internal climate variability. Here, we reconstruct a robust historical SASM index ensemble from 1850 CE onward by integrating high-resolution pa...
Climate sciencesOcean sciences
10.1038/S41612-026-01373-0
ISSN:2397-3722
Causal networks for climate model evaluation and constrained projections
Peer Nowack•Jakob Runge•Veronika Eyring•Joanna D. Haigh
Nature Communications
2020
•2020/3/16
•Vol.11 No.1 p.1-11
Global climate models are central tools for understanding past and future climate change. The assessment of model skill, in turn, can benefit from modern data science approaches. Here we apply causal discovery algorithms to sea level pressure data from a large set of climate model simulations and, a...
Atmospheric scienceClimate and Earth system modellingClimate changeClimate sciencesProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41467-020-15195-Y
ISSN:2041-1723
Hydroclimatic extremes contribute to asymmetric trends in ecosystem productivity loss
Jun Li•Emanuele Bevacqua•Zhaoli Wang•Stephen Sitch•Vivek Arora等 10 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2023
•2023/6/2
•Vol.4 No.1 p.1-10
Gross primary production is the basis of global carbon uptake. Gross primary production losses are often related to hydroclimatic extremes such as droughts and heatwaves, but the trend of such losses driven by hydroclimatic extremes remains unclear. Using observationally-constrained and process-base...
Carbon cycle
10.1038/S43247-023-00869-4
ISSN:2662-4435
The significant influence of the Atlantic multidecadal variability to the abrupt warming in Northeast Asia in the 1990s
Kaiwen Zhang•Zhiyan Zuo•Laura Suarez-Gutierrez•Lulei Bu
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2024
•2024/1/26
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1-11
Northeast Asia experienced unprecedented abrupt warming in the 1990s since the last century. Based on a robust time series and rank frequency evaluation, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Grand Ensembles of CMIP5 (MPI-GE5), CMIP6 (MPI-GE6), EC-Earth3 and IPSL-CM6A-LR were identified as the mo...
AttributionGovernance
10.1038/S41612-024-00567-8
ISSN:2397-3722
Tropical extreme droughts drive long-term increase in atmospheric CO2 growth rate variability
Luo Xiangzhong•Keenan Trevor F.
Nature Communications
2022
•2022/3/7
•Vol.13 No.1 p.1-10
The terrestrial carbon sink slows the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere by absorbing roughly 30% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, but varies greatly from year to year. The resulting variations in the atmospheric CO2 growth rate (CGR) have been related to tropical temperature and ...
Carbon cycleEcological modelling
10.1038/S41467-022-28824-5
ISSN:2041-1723
Grazing reverses climate-induced soil carbon gains on the Tibetan Plateau
Shuai Ren•Tao Wang•Xinhui Ji•Liang Wei•Jianjun Wei等 7 人
Nature Communications
2025
•2025/7/30
•Vol.16 No.1 p.1-10
Soil carbon stocks on the Tibetan Plateau are widely considered to be increasingly threatened by drastic climate warming and intensified livestock grazing. But it remains elusive due to unconstrained model projections. Here we integrate large-scale soil campaigns, soil incubation with paired grazing...
Carbon cycleGrassland ecology
10.1038/S41467-025-62332-6
ISSN:2041-1723
Two contrasting tropical convection modes from the eastern Pacific to northern Africa that drive Eurasian teleconnections in boreal summer
Zhiwei Zhu•Liaoyuan Shao•Rui Lu•Wenjian Hua
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2025
•2025/2/18
•Vol.8 No.1 p.1-10
Eurasian teleconnections in boreal summer significantly influence regional climates and extremes, yet their dynamic origins remain largely unclear. Here, we revealed two critical modes of tropical convection that drive these Eurasian teleconnections in boreal summer. The first mode is characterized ...
Climate sciencesEnvironmental sciences
10.1038/S41612-025-00944-X
ISSN:2397-3722
Macroclimate data overestimate range shifts of plants in response to climate change
Maclean Ilya M. D.•Early Regan
Nature Climate Change
2023
•2023/4/24
•00 p.1-7
Current conservation policy has been shaped by the expectation that, for many species, places with suitable climate will lie outside their current range, thus leading to predictions of numerous extinctions. Here we show that the magnitude of range shifts is often overestimated as climate data used d...
BiogeographyClimate-change ecology
10.1038/S41558-023-01650-3
ISSN:1758-678X
Tropical Atlantic multidecadal variability is dominated by external forcing
Chengfei He•Amy C. Clement•Sydney M. Kramer•Mark A. Cane•Jeremy M. Klavans等 7 人
Nature
2023
•2023/9/13
•00 p.1-7
The tropical Atlantic climate is characterized by prominent and correlated multidecadal variability in Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs), Sahel rainfall and hurricane activity1–4. Owing to uncertainties in both the models and the observations, the origin of the physical relationships among th...
Atmospheric scienceClimate changeOcean sciences
10.1038/S41586-023-06489-4
ISSN:0028-0836
The westerly winds control the zonal migration of rainy season over the Tibetan Plateau
Xingwen Jiang•Fenying Cai•Zhenning Li•Zunya Wang•Tuantuan Zhang
Communications Earth & Environment
2023
•2023/10/9
•Vol.4 No.1 p.1-8
Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau is modulated by both the South Asian summer monsoon and the mid-latitude westerly winds. Using observations and numerical simulations, this study highlights the out-of-phase relationships between the mid-latitude westerly wind speeds and the west-east migration...
Atmospheric dynamicsClimate and Earth system modelling
10.1038/S43247-023-01035-6
ISSN:2662-4435
Soil moisture–atmosphere feedback dominates land carbon uptake variability
Vincent Humphrey•Alexis Berg•Philippe Ciais•Pierre Gentine•Martin Jung等 8 人
Nature
2021
•2021/3/31
•Vol.592 No.7852 p.65-69
Year-to-year changes in carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems have an essential role in determining atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations1. It remains uncertain to what extent temperature and water availability can explain these variations at the global scale2–5. Here we use factorial climate ...
Atmospheric dynamicsCarbon cycleClimate and Earth system modelling
10.1038/S41586-021-03325-5
ISSN:0028-0836
Arctic ice loss is delaying monsoon retreat over the Indochina Peninsula
Yilin Duo•Jie Zhang
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2025
•2025/11/17
•Vol.8 No.1 p.3640
Warming and extreme precipitation events frequently occur in the Asian summer monsoon during autumn, and their causes are still unclear. In this study, we investigate variations in the monsoon and autumn precipitation over the Indochina Peninsula (ICP) using reanalysis data, observational datasets, ...
Atmospheric dynamicsClimate-change impactsProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41612-025-01241-3
ISSN:2397-3722
Climatic conditions are weak predictors of asylum migration
Sebastian Schutte•Jonas Vestby•Jørgen Carling•Halvard Buhaug
Nature Communications
2021
•2021/4/6
•Vol.12 No.1 p.1-10
Recent research suggests that climate variability and change significantly affect forced migration, within and across borders. Yet, migration is also informed by a range of non-climatic factors, and current assessments are impeded by a poor understanding of the relative importance of these determina...
Climate-change impactsDeveloping worldSociety
10.1038/S41467-021-22255-4
ISSN:2041-1723
Optimized agricultural management reduces global cropland nitrogen losses to air and water
Luncheng You•Gerard H. Ros•Yongliang Chen•Fusuo Zhang•Wim de Vries
Nature Food
2024
•2024/11/12
•00 p.1-10
Nitrogen (N) losses from croplands substantially contribute to global N pollution. Assessing the reduction in N losses through improved N management practices is complex due to varying site conditions, such as land use, climate, soil properties and local farming methods. In this Article, we conducte...
AgroecologyElement cyclesEnvironmental impact
10.1038/S43016-024-01076-W
ISSN:2662-1355
A stable Arctic amplification ratio in long-term transient simulation over the last 21,000 years
Yuzhen Yan•Xinyu Wen•Junyu Mei•Xiao-Ming Hu
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2025
•2025/9/2
•Vol.8 No.1 p.1-10
Arctic amplification (AA), the disproportionate Arctic warming versus hemispheric or global averages, impacts mid-latitude climate. Prior studies reported a wide range of AA ratios from 1.0 to 12.5, based on 20th-century observations or climate model hindcasts. This study investigates the variabilit...
Climate sciencesEnvironmental sciences
10.1038/S41612-025-01212-8
ISSN:2397-3722
Seasonal biological carryover dominates northern vegetation growth
Xu Lian•Shilong Piao•Anping Chen•Kai Wang•Xiangyi Li等 10 人
Nature Communications
2021
•2021/2/12
•Vol.12 No.1 p.1-10
The state of ecosystems is influenced strongly by their past, and describing this carryover effect is important to accurately forecast their future behaviors. However, the strength and persistence of this carryover effect on ecosystem dynamics in comparison to that of simultaneous environmental driv...
Carbon cycleClimate-change ecology
10.1038/S41467-021-21223-2
ISSN:2041-1723
Ecological zoning for climate policy and global change studies
Philip Audebert•Eleanor Milne•Laure-Sophie Schiettecatte•Daniel Dionisio•Maidie Sinitambirivoutin等 8 人
Nature Sustainability
2024
•2024/8/29
•00 p.1-10
As climate change accelerates, nations are moving towards meeting their nationally determined contributions and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Reporting of this from the agriculture, forestry and other land use sector relies on data related to land use and management, climate and soil type...
Climate-change mitigationEnvironmental impact
10.1038/S41893-024-01416-5
ISSN:2398-9629
Increasing sensitivity of dryland vegetation greenness to precipitation due to rising atmospheric CO2
Zhang Yao•Gentine Pierre•Luo Xiangzhong•Lian Xu•Liu Yanlan等 11 人
Nature Communications
2022
•2022/8/19
•Vol.13 No.1 p.1-9
Water availability plays a critical role in shaping terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in low- and mid-latitude regions. The sensitivity of vegetation growth to precipitation strongly regulates global vegetation dynamics and their responses to drought, yet sensitivity changes in response to climat...
Climate changeClimate-change ecologyEcophysiologyEcosystem ecology
10.1038/S41467-022-32631-3
ISSN:2041-1723
Observed changes in the climate and snow dynamics of the Third Pole
Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath•Vikas Kumar Patel•Babu Ram Sharma
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2024
•2024/7/5
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1-14
The Third Pole (TP) is the world’s largest highland and has one of the biggest reservoirs of glacier ice mass and snow cover on the Earth. Three major Asian rivers (the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra) are nourished by the melting of glaciers and snow in Central Himalaya, which are inevitable for the s...
Atmospheric scienceHydrology
10.1038/S41612-024-00710-5
ISSN:2397-3722
Enhanced response of extreme compound events to cumulative CO2 emissions
Jun Li•Yao Zhang•Philippe Ciais•Hongying Zhang•Zhaoli Wang等 7 人
Nature
2026
•2026/5/13
•00 p.1-7
Compound events—such as concurrent hot–wet and drought–heat extremes—are among the most consequential climate hazards on Earth1–4 and are projected to become more severe under warming. Although the transient mean temperature response to cumulative CO2 emissions has been well quantified5–8, the corre...
Climate and Earth system modellingProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41586-026-10544-1
ISSN:0028-0836
Reduced solid water storage over the Tibetan Plateau caused by black carbon
Junhua Yang•Shichang Kang•Deliang Chen•Keqin Duan•Ninglian Wang等 11 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2025
•2025/6/4
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-8
Trans-boundary black carbon aerosols from South Asia profoundly affects the climate and cryosphere of the Tibetan Plateau. However, the integration effects of black carbon on radiative forcing and precipitation, as well as on solid water storage remain to a large extent unknow. This study presents t...
Climate sciencesEnvironmental sciences
10.1038/S43247-025-02335-9
ISSN:2662-4435
Global net increase in surface water connectivity in river–floodplain systems
Qiuqi Luo•Lian Feng•Edward Park•Des E. Walling•Lei Huang等 9 人
Nature Geoscience
2026
•2026/4/2
•00 p.1-9
Surface water connectivity in river–floodplain systems—the flow exchange between river channels and their surrounding floodplains—is a regulator of global water cycles, biogeochemical fluxes, geomorphology and ecosystem health. However, global assessments of its spatial and temporal patterns remain ...
HydrologyLimnology
10.1038/S41561-026-01953-Y
ISSN:1752-0894
Conservation priority corridors enhance the effectiveness of protected area networks in China
Weicheng Sun•Entao Zhang•Yujin Zhao•Zhisheng Wu•Wenhe Chen等 7 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2025
•2025/4/9
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-11
The expansion and interconnection of protected areas are central to achieving the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework’s ambitious goals, yet their synergistic relationship remains underexplored. Here, we propose a framework integrating wildlife dispersal-based connectivity to address two ...
Climate-change ecologyEcosystem ecology
10.1038/S43247-025-02227-Y
ISSN:2662-4435
Anthropogenic warming is accelerating recent heatwaves in Africa
Vishal Bobde•Kayode Ayegbusi•Akintomide A. Akinsanola•Oluwafemi E. Adeyeri•Tobi E. Morakinyo等 6 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2025
•2025/7/23
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-12
Climate change is intensifying extreme events worldwide, with Africa emerging as a uniquely vulnerable hotspot where heatwaves increasingly threaten populations and ecosystems. This study quantifies the roles of anthropogenic aerosols, greenhouse gases, and internal variability in trends of daytime,...
Climate changeClimate sciences
10.1038/S43247-025-02578-6
ISSN:2662-4435
Emergent constraints on global soil moisture projections under climate change
Lei Yao•Guoyong Leng•Linfei Yu•Hongyi Li•Qiuhong Tang等 15 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2025
•2025/1/20
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-8
Surface soil moisture is projected to decrease under global warming. Such projections are mostly based on climate models, which show large uncertainty (i.e., inter-model spread) partly due to inadequate observational constraint. Here we identify strong physically-based emergent relationships between...
Climate changeHydrology
10.1038/S43247-025-02024-7
ISSN:2662-4435
Historical diurnal temperature range trends constrain future climate projections
Anqi Liu•Daokai Xue•Ben Yang•Danqing Huang
Communications Earth & Environment
2026
•2026/1/13
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1630
In the late twentieth century, nighttime land surface temperatures are observed to rise faster than daytime temperatures, resulting in high diurnal temperature ranges and considerable diurnal asymmetric warming. Nevertheless, the projected changes in diurnal temperature ranges under global warming r...
Atmospheric dynamicsClimate sciences
10.1038/S43247-026-03185-9
ISSN:2662-4435
Heterogeneous changes in global glacial lakes under coupled climate warming and glacier thinning
Taigang Zhang•Weicai Wang•Baosheng An
Communications Earth & Environment
2024
•2024/7/13
•Vol.5 No.1 p.1-9
Global glacial lakes have expanded markedly in recent decades, accompanied by many catastrophic glacial lake outburst floods. However, our understanding of glacial lake evolution and connections with global warming and glacier thinning remains insufficient due to fragmented studies and a lack of sta...
Cryospheric scienceNatural hazards
10.1038/S43247-024-01544-Y
ISSN:2662-4435
Scale-dependent model-observation inconsistencies in global terrestrial water storage models
Gangqiang Zhang•Tongren Xu•Shaomin Liu•Liqiang Zhang•Sayed M. Bateni等 8 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2026
•2026/2/23
•Vol.7 No.1 p.2980
Accurate representation of terrestrial water storage is essential for water resource management and climate adaptation, yet model‑observation inconsistencies hinder global water cycle assessment. Here we show, using a unified multi‑scale framework, that seven model products with diverse modeling str...
Hydrology
10.1038/S43247-026-03327-Z
ISSN:2662-4435
Long-term wetland biomonitoring highlights the differential impact of land use on macroinvertebrate diversity in Dongting Lake in China
Yan Zhang•Daizhong Huang•Xiaowei Jin•Liqiang Li•Chouming Wang等 10 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2024
•2024/1/10
•Vol.5 No.1 p.1-11
Freshwater wetlands have experienced disproportionate biodiversity loss due to environmental change. The lack of long-term biological data limits our understanding of wetland biodiversity dynamics and principal drivers. Here, we combine aquatic biomonitoring with satellite-derived imagery and spatia...
Environmental impactFreshwater ecologyWetlands ecology
10.1038/S43247-024-01203-2
ISSN:2662-4435
Contrasting effects of aridity and seasonality on global salinization
Perri Saverio•Molini Annalisa•Hedin Lars O.•Porporato Amilcare
Nature Geoscience
2022
•2022/4/28
•00 p.1-7
Soil salinization is the most diffuse form of soil degradation in drylands, where it represents a rising threat to crop production and ecosystem functioning. While aridity is thought to be the main driver of salt accumulation, the role played by other forms of climatic forcing, such as rainfall seas...
Climate-change impactsClimate sciencesEnvironmental impactHydrology
10.1038/S41561-022-00931-4
ISSN:1752-0894
Exacerbated fires in Mediterranean Europe due to anthropogenic warming projected with non-stationary climate-fire models
Marco Turco•Juan José Rosa-Cánovas•Joaquín Bedia•Sonia Jerez•Juan Pedro Montávez等 7 人
Nature Communications
2018
•2018/10/2
•Vol.9 No.1 p.1-9
The observed trend towards warmer and drier conditions in southern Europe is projected to continue in the next decades, possibly leading to increased risk of large fires. However, an assessment of climate change impacts on fires at and above the 1.5 °C Paris target is still missing. Here, we estimat...
Climate-change impactsNatural hazardsProjection and prediction
10.1038/S41467-018-06358-Z
ISSN:2041-1723
Inter-model robustness of the forced change of the ENSO-Indian Summer Monsoon Teleconnection
Sundaresan Aneesh•Tamás Bódai
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2024
•2024/1/2
•Vol.7 No.1 p.1-11
Concerning the robustness of predicting the forced response of the El Niño—Southern Oscillation-Indian summer monsoon (ENSO-ISM) teleconnection based on 9 CMIP-class models, we come to distinguish three time periods. (1) In the late 20th century, the trend was insignificant in most models, which doe...
Atmospheric dynamics
10.1038/S41612-023-00541-W
ISSN:2397-3722
Climate velocities and species tracking in global mountain regions
Wei-Ping Chan•Jonathan Lenoir•Guan-Shuo Mai•Hung-Chi Kuo•I-Ching Chen等 6 人
Nature
2024
•2024/3/27
•00 p.1-7
Mountain ranges contain high concentrations of endemic species and are indispensable refugia for lowland species that are facing anthropogenic climate change1,2. Forecasting biodiversity redistribution hinges on assessing whether species can track shifting isotherms as the climate warms3,4. However,...
Conservation biologyMacroecology
10.1038/S41586-024-07264-9
ISSN:0028-0836
Asynchronous abrupt warming across Eurasia since the 1980s
Yansong Li•Weili Duan•Zhenzhong Zeng•Shan Zou•Xu Wang等 8 人
Npj Climate And Atmospheric Science
2025
•2025/9/25
•Vol.8 No.1 p.1-11
Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of temperature change is crucial for addressing global warming, particularly as regional climate systems may have passed critical tipping points. Here, we examine temperature change characteristics and influencing factors across the Eurasia from 1901 to 2022...
Climate changeClimate sciences
10.1038/S41612-025-01209-3
ISSN:2397-3722
The age distribution of global soil carbon inferred from radiocarbon measurements
Zheng Shi•Steven D. Allison•Yujie He•Paul A. Levine•Alison M. Hoyt等 10 人
Nature Geoscience
2020
•2020/6/29
•Vol.13 No.8 p.555-559
Soils contain more carbon than the atmosphere and vegetation combined. An increased flow of carbon from the atmosphere into soil pools could help mitigate anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and climate change. Yet we do not know how quickly soils might respond because the age distribution of ...
Carbon cycleClimate-change ecology
10.1038/S41561-020-0596-Z
ISSN:1752-0894
Malaria trends in Ethiopian highlands track the 2000 ‘slowdown’ in global warming
Xavier Rodó•Pamela P. Martinez•Amir Siraj•Mercedes Pascual
Nature Communications
2021
•2021/3/10
•Vol.12 No.1 p.1-12
A counterargument to the importance of climate change for malaria transmission has been that regions where an effect of warmer temperatures is expected, have experienced a marked decrease in seasonal epidemic size since the turn of the new century. This decline has been observed in the densely popul...
Climate-change impactsEcological epidemiologyEnvironmental impactMalaria
10.1038/S41467-021-21815-Y
ISSN:2041-1723
One-third of the global soybean production failure in 2012 is attributable to climate change
Raed Hamed•Corey Lesk•Theodore G. Shepherd•Henrique M. D. Goulart•Linda van Garderen等 7 人
Communications Earth & Environment
2025
•2025/3/12
•Vol.6 No.1 p.1-9
In 2012, soybean crops failed in the three largest producing regions due to spatially compounded hot and dry weather across North and South America. Here, we present different impact storylines of the 2012 event, calculated by combining a statistical crop model with climate model simulations of...
AttributionClimate changeClimate-change impacts
10.1038/S43247-025-02171-X
ISSN:2662-4435
High frequency of moraine-dammed lake outburst floods driven by global warming
Taigang Zhang•Weicai Wang•Ioannis Kougkoulos•Simon J. Cook•Sihan Li等 9 人
Nature Communications
2025
•2025/12/17
•Vol.16 No.1 p.111730
Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) represent a major hazard in mountain regions, yet considerable uncertainty persists regarding whether their frequency has increased in recent decades and to what extent this trend is linked to climate change. Here, we developed a new inventory of GLOFs from morai...
Cryospheric scienceNatural hazards
10.1038/S41467-025-67650-3
ISSN:2041-1723
Decreasing rainfall frequency contributes to earlier leaf onset in northern ecosystems
Wang Jian•Liu Desheng•Ciais Philippe•Peñuelas Josep
Nature Climate Change
2022
•2022/2/14
•00 p.1-7
Climate change substantially advances the leaf onset date (LOD) and regulates carbon uptake by plants. Unlike temperature, the effect of precipitation remains largely elusive. Here we use carbon-flux measurements, in situ records of leaf unfolding and satellite greenness observations to examine the ...
Climate-change ecologyEcosystem ecology
10.1038/S41558-022-01285-W
ISSN:1758-678X